The Indonesian Research Journal in Education (IRJE) provides a vital forum for exchanging ideas in order to enrich the theory, policy, and practice of education in Indonesia and around the world. IRJE is a biannual, open access, peer-reviewed, and international e-journal, published in Indonesia. We accept unpublished, high quality, and original research manuscripts in English, resulting primarily from quantitative, qualitative, and mixed research methodology related to or associated with education. IRJE is published 2 times per year by Jambi University, the Graduate School, Doctoral Program in Education. All research articles appearing in IRJE have undergone a thoroughly blind  peer-review.

Copyright is reserved by the first or sole author, who grants right of first publication to Indonesian Research Journal in Education (IRJE). Readers are free to copy, display, and distribute this abstract and the associated article, as long as the work is attributed to the author(s) and IRJE, it is distributed for non-commercial purposes only, and no alteration or transformation is made in the work. All other uses must be approved by the author(s) or IRJE.