Pengaruh Model Project Based Learning terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Berkomunikasi Peserta Didik

(The Effect of Project Based Learning Model on Student’s Critical Thinking and Communication Skills)

Abstract

Observations show that the students' low critical thinking and communication skills are caused by passive learning activities - the low involvement of students - when learning. The low level of these skills has a low impact on learning outcomes as the quality of learning decreases. The project based learning model is one of the recommended learning models for 21st century learning because it is contextual and student-centered, thus making students more active. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of the project based learning model on students' critical thinking and communication skills. The research method is a quasi experimental design (posttest only control group design). The instruments are essay questions to measure critical thinking skills and rubrics for assessing communication skills which are measured through presentations and project reports. Data analysis of students' critical thinking and communication skills between classes was carried out using a T-test to see the difference in variance of the two classes with different conditions. The results showed that the average value of critical thinking and communication skills of students who carried out learning using the project based learning model was higher than conventional learning. Data analysis shows that the model has a significant effect on students' critical thinking and communication skills. In conclusion, the project based learning model has an effect on students' critical thinking and communication skills.

Key words: project, critical thinking, communication

 

Abstrak. Observasi menunjukkan rendahnya keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik disebabkan oleh aktivitas belajar yang pasif, yaitu minimnya keterlibatan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran. Rendahnya keterampilan-keterampilan tersebut berdampak terhadap hasil belajar yang ikut rendah seiring menurunnya kualitas pembelajaran. Model project based learning merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang direkomendasikan untuk pembelajaran abad-21 karena bersifat kontekstual dan berpusat pada peserta didik, sehingga membuat peserta didik lebih aktif. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji pengaruh model project based learning terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik. Metode penelitian adalah quasi experimental design (posttest only control group design). Instrumen berupa soal essay untuk mengukur keterampilan berpikir kritis dan rubrik penilaian keterampilan berkomunikasi yang diukur melalui presentasi dan laporan proyek. Analisis data keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik antarkelas dilakukan dengan uji-T untuk melihat perbedaan varian dari dua kelas dengan kondisi berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik yang melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan model project based learning lebih tinggi daripada pembelajaran secara konvensional. Analisis data menunjukkan  model tersebut berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik. Disimpulkan bahwa model project based learning berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi peserta didik.

Kata kunci: proyek, berpikir kritis, berkomunikasi