Ethical Issues in Research Involving Children in TESOL and Applied Linguistics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v2i1.4807Keywords:
Ethical Issues, Children, TESOL, Applied LinguisticsAbstract
This study sets out to address the ethical issues involved in studies concerning English language learning and acquisition which involve children (those under 18 years of age as outlined in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child) as participants. This small-scale study focused on the analysis of ethical issues in three preliminary of samples of studies which involve children in the field of TESOL and Applied Linguistics. These three articles involved children as participants and are published in reviewed journals in the area of TESOL and Applied Linguistics. The results indicate that although implicitly presented, the informed consent and protection issues have generally been fulfilled by the researchers of the three articles. However, a more explicit explanation needs to be given more spaces in the research report in order to make it more transparent to the public (Peter, 2015; Thomas, 2009) and to ensure that the research is rigorous and significant (Dikema, 2009).
Downloads
References
2. Alderson, P. (2000) ‘12 Children as Researchers The Effects of Participation Rights on Research Methodology’. Research with children: Perspectives and practices, 3(2), pp.241-250.
3. Bailey, C. A. (2007) A Guide to Qualitative Field Research: Second Edition. California: Pine Forge Press
4. Baskin, S. A., Morris, J., Ahronheim, J. C., Meier, D. E., & Morrison, R. S. (1998) ‘Barriers to Obtaining Consent in Dementia Research: Implications for Surrogate Decisionâ€Making’. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 46(3), pp.287-290.
5. Berg, B. L. and Howard, L. (2012) Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences. (8th ed). USA: Pearson Educational Inc.
6. Berg, B. L., Lune, H., & Lune, H. (2004). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (Vol. 5). Boston, MA: Pearson.
7. Berg, B. (2007) Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences 6th ed., Boston, MA. ; London, Pearson Allyn and Bacon.
8. Balen, R., Blyth, E., Calabretto, H., Fraser, C., Horrocks, C., & Manby, M. (2006) ‘Involving Children in Health and Social Research ‘Human becomings’ or ‘active beings’?. Childhood, 13(1), pp.29-48.
9. Beazley, H., Bessell, S., Ennew, J., & Waterson, R. (2009) ‘The right to be properly researched: Research with children in a messy, real world’. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 37(5), pp.140-152.
10. Bourke, R., & Loveridge, J. (2014) ‘Exploring informed consent and dissent through children's participation in educational research’. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 37(2), pp.151-165.
11. Cahyono, B. Y. (2003) ‘Aida and her mainstream classroom: A case study of a young English language learner’s literacy development’. TEFLIN Journal, 14(2), pp. 219-238.
12. Christensen, P. H. (2004) ‘Children's participation in ethnographic research: Issues of power and representation’. Children & society, 18(2), pp.165-176.
13. Corti, L., Day, A., & Backhouse, G. (2000) ‘Confidentiality and informed consent: Issues for consideration in the preservation of and provision of access to qualitative data archives’. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research 1(3), pp.120-132.
14. Crow, G., Wiles, R., Heath, S., & Charles, V. (2006) ‘Research ethics and data quality: The implications of informed consent’. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 9(2), pp.83-95.
15. Greig, A. D., Taylor, J., & MacKay, T. (2012). Doing research with children: A practical guide. Sage.
16. Creswell, J.W. and Clark, P.L.P. (2007) Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
17. Creswell, J. W. (1998) Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
18. Creswell, J. W. (2007) Educational research (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
19. Charlop-Christy, M. H., Le, L., & Freeman, K. A. (2000) ‘A comparison of video modeling with in vivo modeling for teaching children with autism’. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 30(6), pp.537-552.
20. Christensen, P., & Prout, A. (2002) ‘Working with ethical symmetry in social research with children’. Childhood, 9(4), pp. 477-497.
21. Coyne, I. (2008) ‘Children's participation in consultations and decision-making at health service level: a review of the literature’. International journal of nursing studies, 45(11), pp.1682-1689.
22. Cheah, P. Y., & Parker, M. (2015) ‘Are Children Always Vulnerable Research Participants?’. Asian Bioethics Review, 7(2), pp.151-163.
23. Crow, G., Wiles, R., Heath, S., & Charles, V. (2006) ‘Research ethics and data quality: The implications of informed consent’. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 9(2), pp.83-95.
24. Curtis, W. J., & Cicchetti, D. (2003) ‘Moving research on resilience into the 21st century: Theoretical and methodological considerations in examining the biological contributors to resilience’. Development and psychopathology, 15(03), pp.773-810.
25. Darlington, Y. and Scott, D. (2002) Qualitative Research in Practice: Stories from the Field. Buckingham. Philadelphia. Open University Press.
26. Davis, J. M. (1998) ‘Understanding the meanings of children: A reflexive process’. Children & Society, 12(5), pp.325-335.
27. Didcock, E. A. (2006) ‘Issues of consent and competency in children and young people’. Current Paediatrics, 16(2), pp.91-94.
28. Diekema, D. S. (2009) ‘Ethical issues in research involving infants’. In Seminars in perinatology 33(6), pp. 364-371.
29. Diekema, D. S., & Botkin, J. R. (2009) ‘Forgoing medically provided nutrition and hydration in children’. Pediatrics, 124(2), pp.813-822.
30. Docherty, S., & Sandelowski, M. (1999) ‘Focus on qualitative methods: Interviewing children’. Research in Nursing & Health, 22(2), pp.177-185.
31. Fisher, C. B. (2002) ‘A goodness-of-fit ethic for informed consent’. Fordham Urb. LJ, 30(2), pp.159-168.
32. Gallagher, M., Haywood, S. L., Jones, M. W., & Milne, S. (2010) ‘Negotiating informed consent with children in schoolâ€based research: a critical review’. Children & Society, 24(6), pp.471-482.
33. Gozali, I., & Harjanto, I. (2014) ‘Improving the Grammatical Accuracy of the Spoken English of Indonesian International Kindergarten Students’. TEFLIN Journal, 25(2), pp.168-178.
34. Guillemin, M., & Gillam, L. (2004) ‘Ethics, reflexivity, and “ethically important moments†in research’. Qualitative inquiry, 10(2), pp.261-280.
35. Guillemin, M., & Gillam, L. (2004) ‘Ethics, reflexivity, and “ethically important moments†in research’. Qualitative inquiry, 10(2), pp.261-280.
36. Harcourt*, D., & Conroy, H. (2005) ‘Informed assent: Ethics and processes when researching with young children’. Early Child Development and Care, 175(6), pp.567-577.
37. Harden, B. J. & Webb, M. B., (2003) ‘Beyond Child Protection Promoting Mental Health for Children and Families in the Child Welfare System’. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 11(1), pp.49-58.
38. Huang, X., O’Connor, M., Ke, L. S., & Lee, S. (2016). Ethical and methodological issues in qualitative health research involving children: A systematic review. Nursing ethics, 23(3), pp. 339-356.
39. Hurst, S. (2015). Clarifying Vulnerability: The Case of Children. Asian Bioethics Review, 7(2), pp.126-138.
40. Ho, C. W., Reis, A., & Saxena, A. (2015) ‘Vulnerability in International Policy Discussion on Research involving Children’. Asian Bioethics Review, 7(2), pp.230-249.
41. James, A., & Prout, A. (Eds.). (2015). Constructing and reconstructing childhood: Contemporary issues in the sociological study of childhood. Routledge.
42. Johnson, B and Christensen, L., (2012) Educational Research: Quantiative, Qualitative and Mixed Approaches. USA: Sage Publications, Inc
43. Kendrick, A., Steckley, L., & Lerpiniere, J. (2008) ‘Ethical issues, research and vulnerability: gaining the views of children and young people in residential care’. Children's geographies, 6(1), pp.79-93.
44. Kirk, S. (2007) ‘Methodological and ethical issues in conducting qualitative research with children and young people: A literature review’. International journal of nursing studies, 44(7), pp.1250-1260.
45. Lázaro, A., & Azpilicueta, R. (2015) ‘Investigating negotiation of meaning in EFL children with very low levels of proficiency’. International Journal of English Studies, 15(1), pp.1-21.
46. Locher, J. L., Bronstein, J., Robinson, C. O., Williams, C., & Ritchie, C. S. (2006) ‘Ethical issues involving research conducted with homebound older adults’. The Gerontologist, 46(2), pp.160-164.
47. Lundy, L., McEvoy, L., & Byrne, B. (2011) ‘Working with young children as co-researchers: An approach informed by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child’. Early Education & Development, 22(5), pp.714-736.
48. Lundy, L., & McEvoy, L. (2012) ‘Children’s rights and research processes: Assisting children to (in) formed views’. Childhood, 19(1), pp.129-144.
49. Macaro, E., & Erler, L. (2008) ‘Raising the achievement of young-beginner readers of French through strategy instruction’. Applied Linguistics, 29(1), pp.90-119.
50. McDonald, K. E. (2012). “We want respectâ€: Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities address respect in research. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 117(4), pp.263-274.
51. Megone, C., Wilman, E., Oliver, S., Duley, L., Gyte, G., & Wright, J. (2016) ‘The ethical issues regarding consent to clinical trials with pre-term or sick neonates: a systematic review (framework synthesis) of the analytical (theoretical/philosophical) research’. Trials, 17(1), pp.443-451.
52. Morrow, V., & Richards, M. (1996) ‘The ethics of social research with children: an overview’. Children & society, 10(2), pp.90-105.
53. Murray, T. H. (2015). ‘Research Exceptionalism?: New Ways of Thinking about the Old Problem of Minimal Risk Research with Children’. Asian Bioethics Review, 7(2), pp.139-150.
54. Peter, E. (2015) ‘The ethics in qualitative health research: special considerations’. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 20(9), pp.2625-2630.
55. O’Connor, T. G., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Heron, J., Golding, J., Adams, D., & Glover, V. (2005). ‘Prenatal anxiety predicts individual differences in cortisol in pre-adolescent children’. Biological psychiatry, 58(3), pp.211-217.
56. Pinter, A., (2014) ‘Child participant roles in applied linguistics research. Applied Linguistics, 35(2), pp.168-183.
57. Reeves, C. (2010) ‘A difficult negotiation: Fieldwork relations with gatekeepers’. Qualitative Research, 10(3), pp.315–331.
58. Punch, S. (2002). ‘Research with children: the same or different from research with adults?’. Childhood, 9(3), pp.321-341.
59. Punch, S. (2002) ‘Interviewing strategies with young people: the ‘secret box’, stimulus material and taskâ€based activities’. Children & Society, 16(1), pp.45-56.
60. Scally, A. (2014). ‘Ethical issues in research involving children and young people’. Radiography, 20(3), pp.202-205.
61. Sparrman, A. (2014) ‘Access and gatekeeping in researching children’s sexuality: Mess in ethics and methods’. Sexuality & Culture, 18(2), pp.291-309.
62. Thomas, M. (2009) ‘Review article: Ethical issues in the study of second language acquisition: resources for researchers’. Second Language Research, 25(4), pp.493-511.
63. Sly, P. D., Eskenazi, B., Pronczuk, J., Sram, R., Diaz-Barriga, F., Machin, D. G., & Meslin, E. M. (2009). ‘Ethical issues in measuring biomarkers in children's environmental health’. Environmental health perspectives, 117(8), pp.185-198.
64. Vandergrift, L. (2005) ‘Relationships among motivation orientations, metacognitive awareness and proficiency in L2 listening’. Applied linguistics, 26(1), pp.70-89.
65. Woodhead, M., & Faulkner, D. (2000) ‘Subjects, objects or participants. Research with children: Perspectives and practices’, Second Language Research, 20(3), pp.490-513.
66. Wolfensberger, W. (1967) ‘Ethical issues in research with human subjects’. Science, 155(3758), pp.47-51.
67. Worku, E. B., Davis, A. M., & Morrow, B. M. (2016) ‘A critical review of health research ethical guidelines regarding caregiver consent for HIV research involving minors in South Africa: Ethical and legal issues’. South African Journal of Bioeth
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2018-03-31 (1)
- 2018-03-31 (1)
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to International Journal of Language Teaching and Education (IJoLTe) and Magister Program of English Education Department, Universitas Jambi as publisher of the journal. Copyright encompasses rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.
IJoLTe keep the rights to articles that have been published. And, the authors are permitted to disseminate published article by sharing the link of IJoLTe' website. Authors are allowed to use their works for any purposes deemed necessary without written permission from IJoLTe with an acknowledgement of initial publication in this journal.
IJoLTe and Magister Program of English Education Department, Universitas Jambi, and the Editors make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in IJoLTe are the sole and responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors who submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. IJoLTe will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. IJoLTe will only communicate with the corresponding author.
By submitting the article/manuscript to this journal, the authors agree with this policy and consciously agree that IJoLTe does not provide royalties or other fees to the authors for their published articles. By agreeing this policy, IJoLTe ensures that published articles are publicly accessible and will be free of charge for the readers. No specific document sign-off is required.
Users of this website will be licensed to use materials from this website following the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Please use the materials accordingly
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.