Perempuan dalam Teks Berita Women Beyond Borders: Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills dan Theo van Leeuwen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/kalistra.v3i3.34263Keywords:
women, news texts, critical discourse analysis, Sara Mills, Theo van LeeuwenAbstract
This research aims to investigate how women's positions are represented and whether they are portrayed fairly or marginalized in news texts. The method used is qualitative with a critical approach by adopting the critical discourse analysis model from Sara Mills and Theo van Leeuwen. This research data consists of four Women Beyond Borders news texts published in 2022. Data collection was carried out by categorizing, classifying relevant written sources, and analyzed using descriptive techniques. The analysis process includes reading and understanding texts, sorting news based on gender perspectives, marking selected texts, classifying actor positions and exclusion-inclusion strategies, as well as analysis using the selected model. The research results reveal that women in news texts are often depicted as active subjects who have great influence and women are rarely depicted as passive objects. Exclusion strategies (passives and nominalization) are used to disguise the actor, while clause substitution facilitates conveying the actor's information briefly. The inclusion strategies that often appear are Nomination-Categorization and Nomination-Identification, while Association-Dissociation is rarely used in the news text. Thus, there is a need for critical awareness in society to overcome gender injustice and biased representation in the media. The mass media is expected to commit to presenting stories with diverse perspectives to ensure a more balanced and fair representation between women and men.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana posisi perempuan direpresentasikan dan apakah mereka digambarkan secara adil atau justru dipinggirkan dalam teks berita. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif melalui pendekatan kritis dengan mengadopsi model analisis wacana kritis dari Sara Mills dan Theo van Leeuwen. Data penelitian ini terdiri dari empat teks berita Women Beyond Borders yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2022. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengategorikan, mengklasifikasikan sumber tertulis yang relevan, dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif. Proses analisis mencakup pembacaan dan pemahaman teks, pemilahan berita berdasarkan perspektif gender, penandaan teks terpilih, klasifikasi posisi aktor dan strategi eksklusi-inklusi, serta analisis dengan menggunakan model yang telah dipilih. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa perempuan dalam teks berita sering kali digambarkan sebagai subjek aktif yang memiliki pengaruh besar dan perempuan jarang digambarkan sebagai objek pasif. Strategi eksklusi (pasif dan nominalisasi) digunakan untuk menyamarkan aktor, sedangkan substitusi klausa memfasilitasi penyampaian informasi aktor secara singkat. Pada strategi inklusi yang sering muncul adalah Nominasi-Kategorisasi dan Nominasi-Identifikasi, sedangkan Asosiasi-Disosiasi jarang digunakan dalam teks berita tersebut. Dengan demikian, perlunya kesadaran kritis di masyarakat untuk mengatasi ketidakadilan gender dan representasi yang bias dalam media. Media massa diharapkan berkomitmen untuk menyajikan cerita dengan perspektif yang beragam guna memastikan representasi yang lebih seimbang dan adil antara perempuan dan laki-laki
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