Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Pada Materi Ekologi di SMA
(Development of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Assessment Instruments on Ecology Material in High School)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/biodik.v10i4.36741Abstract
Evaluation results from national and international education show that students' critical and analytical thinking skills still need to be improved. One way to improve these skills is to develop HOTS questions that can stimulate and assess students' higher-order thinking abilities. However, many schools in Indonesia have not developed enough in creating HOTS instruments that meet good validity standards. Therefore, this research aims to develop a HOTS assessment instrument that meets the criteria for good content and construction validity in ecological material. This research uses a development method (Research & Development) with a 4D approach, which includes the define, design, develop and disseminate stages. The research results showed that the questions developed were valid and reliable. As many as 20% of the questions fall into the very good differential power category. The difficulty level of the questions developed consists of 15% easy questions, 65% medium questions and 20% difficult questions. In addition, construct validity shows that the instrument developed meets the very good criteria based on its aspects.
Abstrak. Hasil evaluasi dari pendidikan nasional dan internasional menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis dan analitis siswa masih perlu ditingkatkan. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keterampilan ini adalah dengan mengembangkan soal-soal HOTS yang dapat merangsang dan menilai kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa. Namun, banyak sekolah di Indonesia belum cukup berkembang dalam menciptakan instrumen HOTS yang memenuhi standar validitas yang baik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen penilaian HOTS yang memenuhi kriteria validitas isi dan konstruksi yang baik pada materi ekologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan (Research & Development) dengan pendekatan 4D, yang mencakup tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa soal yang dikembangkan valid dan reliabel. Sebanyak 20% dari soal termasuk dalam kategori daya beda sangat baik. Tingkat kesulitan soal yang dikembangkan terdiri dari 15% soal mudah, 65% soal sedang, dan 20% soal sulit. Selain itu, validitas konstruksi menunjukkan bahwa instrumen yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria sangat baik berdasarkan aspeknya.
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