ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF DURIAN FRUIT SKIN (Durio zibethinus Murr.) ON Salmonella BACTERIA in ATCC 14028 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 CAUSE OF DIARRHEA

Abstract

Diarrhea is a condition where the frequency of defecation occurs more than 3 times a day. One of the causes of diarrhea is a bacterial infection, so an antibacterial agent is needed to overcome the problem. One of the natural ingredients that can be utilized is Durian. Based on phytochemical screening, durian fruit skin meat contains alkaloid compounds, saponins, flavonoids and tannins which can inhibit bacterial growth. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of durian fruit skin flesh (Durio zibethinus Murr) against Salmonella bacteria on ATCC 14028 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. This study used an experimental design, extract was obtained by maceration method. Testing of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract using the disc diffusion method. The treatment used 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% concentrations, negative controls using distilled water and positive controls using tetracycline solution. The results showed that testing on Salmonella bacteria had good antibacterial activity up to a concentration of 30% with a diameter of 11 mm inhibition zone, whereas in Bacillus cereus bacteria at a concentration of 20% gave antibacterial activity which included a weak category with a diameter of inhibitory zone 15 mm. Based on the results of phytochemical screening of durian fruit peel extract containing secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins and the results of testing data on the activity it can be concluded that durian fruit flesh extract still has potential as an antibacterial agent. So it is necessary to do the next step with fractionation and isolation of other active compounds. antibacterial activity data.