All work in the manuscript should avoid plagiarism, falsification, fabrications, or omission of significant material.

Authors are expected to cite others' work and ideas explicitly, even if the work or ideas are not quoted verbatim or paraphrased. This standard applies whether the previous work is published, unpublished, or electronically available. Failure to properly cite the work of others may constitute plagiarism. Plagiarism in all its forms constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Langue (Journal of Language and Education) applies a minimum standard of similarity score of the manuscript under 20%. The article should be revised or rejected if the manuscript performs above 20%. Langue (Journal of Language and Education) applies a screening for plagiarism using Turnitin