Hubungan Pola Makan, Riwayat Keluarga, Hipertensi, Merokok Dengan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Kota Jambi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jkmj.v2i1.6537Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit degeneratif yang prevalensinya meningkat dan merupakan penyebab kematian, kesakitan, kecacatan di seluruh dunia. Penderita diabetes akan terus bertambah sejalan dengan perubahan pola makan dan gaya hidup. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan DM tipe II. Penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan case control. Penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuan Baru Kota Jambi pada April 2018 dengan populasi kasus penderita DM tipe II. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 84 responden dan perbandingan 1:1. Variabel penelitian ini yaitu pola makan, riwayat keluarga, hipertensi, merokok, umur dan jenis kelamin. Analisis data dengan uji Chi Square dengan a=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 84 responden yang berumur ≥45 tahun (73,8%), perempuan (64,3%), pola makan buruk (73,8%), memiliki riwayat keluarga (38,1%), hipertensi (17,9%), merokok (22,6%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan DM tipe II adalah pola makan (nilai p value= 0,006; nilai OR= 5,032); riwayat keluarga dengan DM (nilai p value= 0,043; nilai OR= 2,562); umur (nilai p value=0,000; nilai OR= 41,00). Faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan DM tipe II adalah hipertensi (nilai p value= 0,154; nilai OR= 2,313); merokok (nilai p value=0,434; nilai OR= 0,663); jenis kelamin (nilai p value=0,820; nilai OR= 1,231). Ada hubungan antara pola makan, riwayat keluarga, umur dengan DM tipe II. Masyarakat perlu memperbaiki gaya hidup yaitu pola makan seimbang seperti mengkonsumsi serat sebanyak 5 porsi/hari, tidak konsumsi makanan berisiko dan tidak merokok.
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