EFFECT OF PBL INTEGRATED WITH STEM ON STUDENTS' SYSTEMS THINKING IN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59052/hhpqxx14Keywords:
Problem Based Learning, STEM, Systems ThinkingAbstract
Systems thinking is one of the essential abilities needed to address global challenges in the 21st century because it enables students to understand the relationships among components and the dynamics within a system comprehensively. However, preliminary study results showed that students’ systems thinking ability had not been measured in physics learning, particularly on the topic of alternative energy. Therefore, the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with a STEM approach is expected to support the development of students’ systems thinking ability. This study aimed to determine the effect of the PBL model with a STEM approach on students’ systems thinking ability regarding the topic of alternative energy. The study employed a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The sample was selected through purposive sampling, involving class X1 as the experimental class and class X3 as the control class at SMAN 1 OKU. Data were collected using pretest and posttest instruments consisting of 12 two-tier multiple-choice questions. The results showed that the experimental class achieved a higher average n-gain score (0.42, moderate category) compared to the control class (0.29, low category). Furthermore, the independent samples t-test result showed a significance value of 0.004 < 0.05, with an effect size value of 0.337 in the large category. These findings indicate that the implementation of the PBL model with a STEM approach significantly affects students’ systems thinking ability on the topic of alternative energy.
References
Aprina, E. A., Fatmawati, E., & Suhardi, A. (2024). Penerapan model problem based learning untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada muatan IPA sekolah dasar. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(1), 981–990. https://doi.org/10.31004/irje.v4i3.832
Ayu, H. D., Chusniyah, D. A., Kurniawati, M. P., & Purwanti, P. F. (2024). Problem-based learning (PBL) as an effective solution to enhance understanding of physics concepts: A systematic literature review. Journal of Environment and Sustainability Education, 2(2), 86–105. https://doi.org/10.62672/joease.v2i2.29
Bybee, R. W. (2013). The case for STEM education: Challenges and opportunities. Scientific American, 312(4). https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0415-12
Cole, L. B., Justice, J., O’Brien, D., Aman, J., Kim, J. B., Akturk, A., & Zangori, L. (2025). Can green building science support systems thinking for energy education? Sustainability, 17(15), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17157008
Crocker, L., & Algina, J. (2006). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Wadsworth Publishing.
English, L. D. (2023). Ways of thinking in STEM-based problem solving. ZDM – Mathematics Education, 55(7), 1219–1230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-023-01474-7
Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. SAGE Publications.
Fitria, A., Anggreini, Rosidin, U., Viyanti, & Suana, W. (2025). Effectiveness of problem-based learning on students’ critical thinking skills to support ESD. EduFisika: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 10(2), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.59052/edufisika.v10i2.44181
Habibah, H., Lidya, N., & Suryadi, A. (2024). The effect of PJBL STEM learning on students’ systems thinking skills on alternative energy materials. Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika, 12(3), 371–382. https://doi.org/10.20527/bipf.v12i3.18968
International Energy Agency. (2022). World energy outlook 2022. International Energy Agency.
International Renewable Energy Agency. (2023). World energy transitions outlook 2023: 1.5°C pathway.
Kartini, D., Nurohmah, A. N., Wulandari, D., & Prihantini, P. (2022). Relevansi strategi pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) dengan keterampilan abad 21. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(2), 9092–9099.
Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. (2025). Capaian pembelajaran pada pendidikan anak usia dini, jenjang pendidikan dasar, dan jenjang pendidikan menengah (Issue 046). Kemendikdasmen.
Kurniawan, T., Abdurrahman, & Rosidin, U. (2024). Implementasi pembelajaran STEM berbasis education for sustainable development pada topik energi terbarukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir sistem. JoTaLP, 9(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.15575/jotalp.v9i1.28763
Lengkong, M., Istiyono, E., Rampean, B. A. O., Rejeki, A. M., & Nirmala, M. F. T. (2021). Development of two-tier test instruments to detect student’s physics misconception. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Research, Implementation, and Education of Mathematics and Sciences (ICRIEMS 2020), 528, 561–566.
Matitaputty, J. K., Ufie, A., Ima, W., & Pattipeilohy, P. (2022). Implementasi education for sustainable development (ESD) melalui ekopedagogi dalam pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 8 Ambon. Budimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.29040/budimas.v4i1.3532
Nur, M. D. M., & Adawiyah, S. R. (2026). Development of solar-wind-hydro-based renewable energy teaching kit (RETRI) as an innovative learning media for renewable energy in science laboratories. Jurnal Pembelajaran Fisika, 13(2), 140–153. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpf.v13i2.10
Nuraeni, R., Setiono, & Himatul, A. (2020). Profil kemampuan berpikir sistem siswa kelas XI SMA pada materi sistem pernapasan. Pedagogi Hayati, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31629/ph.v4i1.2123
Purwanti, I., & Kusumawati, P. R. (2021). Dinamika sistem: Implementasi berpikir sistem dalam paradigma pendidikan berbasis STEAM. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tadris Matematika, 297–317.
Rahayu, S., Abdurrahman, A., & Susana, W. (2022). Implementasi PBL terintegrasi STEM dengan flipped classroom untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir sistem siswa SMA pada topik usaha dan energi. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 13(2), 233–250. https://doi.org/10.26877/jp2f.v13i2.12518
Saputri, S. A., & Suryadi, A. (2024). The effect of problem based learning STEM (PBL STEM) on students’ systems thinking skills on global warming material. Gravity: Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Fisika, 10(2), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.30870/gravity.v10i2.25683
Serevina, V., Maulana, D., Oktaviara, O., Riana, E., & Nainggolan, R. (2024). Implementation of the project-based learning model on the subject of renewable energy to enhance students’ cooperation capabilities. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2900, 012038, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2900/1/012038
Shofatun, A., Herniani, E., & Mardiani, D. (2024). STEM learning design to train student’s system thinking skills on climate change. JPBI, 10(1), 234–242.
Smith, K., Maynard, N., Berry, A., Stephenson, T., Spiteri, T., Corrigan, D., Mansfield, J., Ellerton, P., & Smith, T. (2022). Principles of problem-based learning (PBL) in STEM education: Using expert wisdom and research to frame educational practice. Education Sciences, 12(10), 728, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12100728
UNESCO. (2020). Education for sustainable development: A roadmap. UNESCO.
Viyanti, Abdurrahman, Anggreini, Permadi, D., Festiana, I., Adelia, Novela, E., & Gustina, E. (2025). Pengembangan soal HOTS-PISA dan LKPD deep learning untuk pembelajaran fisika bagi guru fisika SMA/MA se-Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(2), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.23960/rp/v5i2.hal.108-118
Yogi, I. P., Permana, S., Nyeneng, I. D. P., & Distrik, I. W. (2021). The effect of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) approaches on critical thinking skills using PBL learning models. Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika, 9(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.20527/bipf.v9i1.9319
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 YULI YANI PERMATA SAKTI, Anggreini Anggreini, I Wayan Distrik, Viyanti Viyanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
![](<a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2477-7935" target="_blank" style="display: block; width: 150px; height: auto;"><img src="https://doaj.org/static/doaj/images/logo/seal.png"/></a>){kind=logo}
