Aktivitas Enzim Kitinase Actinobacteria Asal Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PTPN VI Muaro Jambi dalam Menghambat Ganoderma boninense

Activity of The Chitinase Enzyme Actinobacteria from Palm Oil Plantation PTPN VI Muaro Jambi in Inhibiting Ganoderma boninense

Abstract

Actinobacteria are gram-positive bacteria that can produce primary metabolites in the form of enzymes, one of which is the chitinase enzyme. Chitinase is an enzyme that has the ability to degrade chitin which is the main structure in the cell wall of plant pathogenic fungi. One of the Actinobacteria that have the ability to produce enzymes can be obtained from the soil of the PTPN VI Muaro Jambi oil palm plantation which can be used as a biocontrol agent for plant pathogenic fungi, namely Ganoderma boninense. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the activity of the chitinase enzyme Actinobacteria and to determine the magnitude of the inhibitory activity of the enzyme chitinase Actinobacteria against Ganoderma boninense. This research was conducted with a quantitative descriptive method. The results showed that one isolate of Actinobacteria (SP1) had enzyme activity (Crude Extract Enzyme (EEK) and concentrated chitinase enzyme). The activity of the chitinase enzyme was higher at 0.0296 U/mL compared to the EEK activity of 0.0288 U/mL. The inhibitory power using the concentrated chitinase enzyme also had a higher value, namely 57.3% compared to the inhibitory power using EEK, which was 56.6%.

Keywords: Actinobacteria, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PTPN VI Muaro Jambi, Enzim Kitinase, Ganoderma boninense

 

Abstrak

Actinobacteria merupakan bakteri gram positif yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa metabolit primer berupa enzim, salah satunya yaitu enzim kitinase. Kitinase merupakan enzim yang memiliki kemampuan dalam mendegradasi kitin yag menjadi struktur utama pada dinding sel jamur patogen tanaman. Actinobacteria yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menghasilkan enzim salah satunya dapat diperoleh dari tanah perkebunan kelapa sawit PTPN VI Muaro Jambi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai agen biokontrol jamur patogen tanaman, yaitu Ganoderma boninense. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui besarnya aktivitas enzim kitinase Actinobacteria dan mengetahui besarnya aktivitas penghambatan enzim kitinase Actinobacteria terhadap Ganoderma boninense. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh satu isolat Actinobacteria (SP1) yang memiliki aktivitas enzim (Enzim Ekstrak Kasar (EEK) dan enzim kitinase hasil pemekatan). Aktivitas enzim kitinase hasil pemekatan lebih tinggi yaitu 0,0296 U/mL dibandingkan dengan aktivitas EEK yaitu 0,0288 U/mL. Daya hambat menggunakan enzim kitinase hasil pemekatan juga memiliki nilai lebih tinggi yaitu 57,3% dibandingkan dengan daya hambat menggunakan EEK yaitu 56,6%.

Kata kunci: Actinobacteria, PTPN VI Muaro Jambi Oil Plantation, Chitinase Enzyme, Ganoderma boninense.