KELOMPOK LINGKUNGAN HINDIA-BELANDA: PENDIRIAN HINGGA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KONSERVASI ALAM DI JAWA 1912-1937

Abstrak

Environmental problems during the Netherland Colonialism period often resulted in conflicts between the policies of the Nederlandsch-Indische Government and the Naturalists. Exploitation activities during Cultuurstelsel (1830) worsens Indonesia's ecological conditions. The exploitation sparked a reaction from naturalists who were worried about the disaster. Forest exploitation, land conversion, hunting, and the absence of efforts to establish conservation areas have triggered the environment in the Nederlandsch-Indische. The movement succeeded in pleasing the nature protection association of the Nederlandsch-Indische in 1912. Its aim was the imperative and opposition to environmental policies in the Nederlandsch-Indische. The result of this environmental movement is the impetus to establish conservation areas, which are located in Java. This study uses a historical method approach, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Broadly speaking, this research is aimed at knowing (1) the establishment of groups in the Nederlandsch-Indische, especially the Nederlandsch-Indische Vereeniging tot Natuurbescherming, (2) the group's efforts to investigate nature in Java, (3) the impact of environmental groups on nature conservation in Java.