FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI CAKUPAN IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP DI KOTA JAMBI SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Covid-19 has created fear for parents to immunize their toddlers at health facilities and the enactment of government regulations resulting in a change in immunization coverage nationally. This study aims to determine the factors that affect complete basic immunization coverage in Jambi City during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were mothers with toddlers over 24 months who had an MCH book. Respondents were taken using a stratified random sampling technique with a total of 102 respondents. All respondents were given a research questionnaire and viewed the completeness of basic immunization in the MCH handbook. The relationship between variables was analyzed using the Chi-Square bivariate test. It was found that 68 toddlers (66.7%) had complete basic immunization status. Factors that influence the completeness of basic immunization are family support, education, knowledge, mothers' fear of COVID-19, health facilities for basic immunization services, and the implementation of the PSBB. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that family support has a relationship with complete basic immunization coverage in Jambi City during the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRAK

Covid-19 menimbulkan ketakutan bagi orang tua untuk memberikan imunisasi pada balita ke fasilitas kesehatan serta adanya  pemberlakuan peraturan pemerintah sehingga terjadi perubahan cakupan imunisasi secara secara nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap di Kota Jambi saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan observasioanal analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian yakni ibu dengan balita diatas 24 bulan yang memiliki buku KIA. Responden diambil menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 102 orang. Seluruh responden diberikan kuesioner peneltian dan dilihat kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada buku KIA. Hubungan antar variabel dianalisis menggunakan uji bivariat Chi-Square. Didapatkan  68 balita (66,7%) memiliki status imunisasi dasar lengkap. Faktor yang memengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar adalah dukungan keluarga, pendidikan, pengetahuan, ketakutan ibu terhadap COVID-19, fasilitas kesehatan layanan imunisasi dasar, dan pemberlakuan PSBB. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan keluarga yang memiliki hubungan dengan cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap di Kota Jambi saat pandemi COVID-19.