EDUKASI KESEHATAN BERBASIS MODEL INFORMATION MOTIVATION BEHAVIOR SKILL MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU PERAWATAN ANTENATAL PADA IBU HAMIL RISIKO TINGGI

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in the world and Indonesia increases every year due to four too late and three too late. Efforts that can be made are optimizing antenatal care checks so that the physical and psychological health of pregnant women is monitored. Health education based on the Information Motivation Behavior Skill model about delivery planning programs and prevention of complications using media is expected to be an alternative intervention in reducing MMR in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the effect of health education based on the Information Motivation Behavior Skill model on knowledge and behavior of antenatal care for high-risk pregnant women.

Methods: The research design used a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with control group. The research sample consisted of 16 high-risk pregnant women for each intervention and control group through purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used an antenatal care knowledge and behavior questionnaire. The research was conducted in the working area of ​​the Ngesrep Public Health Center, Semarang City. Data analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test. The research has passed the ethical test from the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Semarang No. 017/EA/KEPK/2021.

Results: There is an effect of health education based on the Information Motivation Behavior Skill model on knowledge (p value = 0.002) and antenatal care behavior of high-risk pregnant women (p value = 0.023). Modification of health education can be used to increase knowledge and behavior of antenatal care.

Conclusion: The Information Motivation Behavior Skill-based health education model can be integrated with maternal health services in primary health care facilities.

Keywords: antenatal care, health education, high risk pregnant women, information motivation behavior skills, knowledge, behavior

  ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di dunia dan Indonesia meningkat setiap tahun disebabkan oleh empat terlalu dan tiga terlambat. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu optimalisasi pemeriksaan perawatan antenatal sehingga kesehatan disik dan psikologis ibu hamil termonitoring. Edukasi kesehatan berbasis model Information Motivatin Behavior Skill tentang program perencanaan persalinan dan pencegahan komplikasi menggunakan media diharapkan menjadi intervensi alternatif dalam menurunkan AKI di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh edukasi kesehatan berbasis model Information Motivation Behavior Skill terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku perawatan antenal ibu hamil risiko tinggi.

Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi-eksperimen pretest and posttest with control group. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 16 ibu hamil risiko tinggi untuk masing-masing kelompok intervensi dan kontrol melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan perilaku perawatan antenatal. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ngesrep Kota Semarang. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan independent t-test. Penelitian telah lolos uji etik dari Komite Etik Penelitian Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang No. 017/EA/KEPK/2021.

Hasil: Terdapat pengaruh edukasi kesehatan berbasis model Information Motivation Behavior Skill terhadap pengetahuan (nilai p = 0.002) dan perilaku perawatan antenal ibu hamil risiko tinggi (nilai p=0.023). Modifikasi edukasi kesehatan dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan perilaku perawatan antenatal.

Kesimpulan: Model edukasi kesehatan berbasis Information Motivatin Behavior Skill dapat diintegrasikan dengan pelayanan kesehatan ibu di faslitas layanan kesehatan primer.

Kata kunci:  antenatal care, edukasi kesehatan, ibu hamil risiko tinggi, information motivaton behavior skill, pengetahuan, perilaku