Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah Pada Dua Cara Tanam Di Lahan Kering Dataran Rendah Kota Jambi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v2i1.7899Abstract
Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) mempunyai peluang untuk dikembangkan di Kota Jambi, hal ini didukung oleh ketersediaan lahan dan permintaan pasar yang cenderung meningkat. Produktivitas bawang merah pada dataran rendah belum dapat menyamai produksi pada dataran tinggi. Permasalah utama belum tersedianya varietas yang mampu beradaptasi pada dataran rendah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan varietas dan cara tanam bawang merah yang adaptif pada dataran rendah Kota Jambi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Paal Merah Kota Jambi, bulan April sampai Agustus 2015. Penelitian disusun secara faktorial menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Faktor pertama penggunaan mulsa dan tanpa mulsa plastik hitam perak (MPHP). Faktor kedua 6 (enam) varietas bawang merah (Biru Lancor, Katumi, Manjung, Ilocos Philip, Super Philip dan Tajuk). Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali, penanaman pada bedengan yang berukuran 1 x 10 m, jarak tanam 15 x 15 cm 1 umbi per lobang tanam, masing-masing perlakuan di ulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa cara tanam menggunakan MPHP memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah lebih baik dari cara tanam tanpa MPHP. Hasil tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan cara tanam menggunakan MPHP 11,74 t/ha, sedangkan tanpa MPHP 9,36 t/ha. Terdapat selisih 2,38 t/ha atau terjadi peningkatan hasil 20,27 %. Empat varietas bawang merah memberikan hasil lebih baik, yaitu Super Philip (12,92 t/ha), Manjung (12,85 t/ha), Ilocos Philip (11,94 t/ha) dan Katumi (11,48 t/ha) dengan perlakuan cara tanam menggunakan MPHP. Sedangkan tanpa MPHP terdapat tiga varietas yang relatif memberikan hasil lebih baik, yaitu Super Philip (10,76 t/ha), Ilocos Philip (10,55 t/ha) dan Manjung (10,13 t/ha).
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