Penggunaan Drone Sebagai Pesawat Udara Menurut Hukum Internasional Dan Hukum Nasional

Abstract

This study aims to determine the position of drones as aircraft in international law and national law. This research is a normative juridical law research. With a statutory approach, a historical approach, and a conceptual approach. Based on the research, it is concluded that the position of drones in international law, such as the 1944 Chicago convention in article 8 which explains the definition of drones, in article 3 which explains the difference between civil aircraft and state aircraft. However, the Chicago convention only describes operations, procedures and positions for civil aircraft, not state aircraft. Likewise with national laws such as PM No. 37 of 2020 which mostly only explains the procedures for operating drones, air space areas, types of air space, as well as the position of drones as unmanned aircraft with civil purposes (civil aircraft) and for drones as unmanned aircraft with state objectives (state aircraft) is still a little explanation because in PM No. 37 of 2020 in article 5 only explains that drones owned or used for government purposes are considered state aircraft. However, regarding the specifications, the procedures for operating drones for state purposes have not been explained.