KEPATUHAN TANZANIA TERHADAP CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (CITES) DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN TROPHY HUNTING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jisipunja.v8i2.36966Keywords:
Perburuan trofi, kepatuhan, Tanzania, konservasi, CITESAbstract
Trophy hunting merupakan salah satu fenomena yang cukup umum di belahan Afrika dan seringkali dikaitkan dengan program konservasi satwa di kawasan tersebut. Salah satu destinasi favorit dari perburuan trofi adalah Tanzania, negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman satwa. Sebagai negara penandatangan Konvensi Internasional mengenai Perdagangan Spesies Flora dan Fauna yang Terancam Punah (CITES), Tanzania terikat oleh peraturan yang mengatur perdagangan satwa. Penelitian ini berupaya mengevaluasi sejauh mana kepatuhan Tanzania terhadap konvensi tersebut dalam kaitan dengan perburuan trofi dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam skala nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksplanatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam memecahkan permasalahan, penelitian ini menggunakan teori kepatuhan dari Ronald B. Mitchell, yang menekankan pada tiga indikator utama, yaitu outputs, outcomes, dan impacts. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan teori rezim internasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa indikator outputs telah terpenuhi, di mana Tanzania memiliki sejumlah undang-undang yang mengatur perburuan trofi. Namun pada indikator outcomes dan impacts, hasilnya masih secara eksplisit dan belum menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan karena adanya sejumlah tantangan. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan teori kepatuhan yang digunakan, kepatuhan Tanzania terhadap CITES dalam konteks trophy hunting dapat dikategorikan sebagai passive compliance, di mana meskipun regulasi formal ada, implementasi dan dampaknya masih jauh dari harapan.
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