Comparative cytotoxicity and selectivity of various orchid extracts against B16F10 melanoma cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/proca.v1i2.50527Keywords:
Orchid; B16F10; Cytotoxicity; Selectivity; Dendrobium crumenatumAbstract
Background: Melanoma B16F10 is an aggressive form of skin cancer that requires novel therapies. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity and selectivity activities of five crude methanol extracts derived from three different orchid species—Cymbidium sp. (leaves), Grammatophyllum speciosum (leaves), and Dendrobium crumenatum (leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots) against melanoma cancer cells B16F10. Methods: Cytotoxicity activities were measured using MTT assay against B16F10 (cancer) and 3T3 (normal fibroblasts) cells to determine IC50 and selectivity index (SI). Results: All extracts exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. The extract of Dendrobium crumenatum pseudobulbs showed the most vigorous activity with an IC50 value against B16F10 of 168.47±2.02 µg/mL. This extract also showed the best SI of 3.79 (IC50 3T3 = 638.73±2.98 µg/mL), which indicates a promising selectivity potential compared to other plant part extracts. Conclusion: Crude methanol extract of Dendrobium crumenatum pseudobulbs is the best candidate as a selective anticancer agent for melanoma and requires further study to isolate its active compounds.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Syamsurizal, Diah Tri Utami, Andi Subandi, Ummi Kalsum, Beni Hendro Prabowo
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