Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi

IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY STRATEGY IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Boriana Vrusho, Alma Golgota, Klodian Dhoska, Mostafa Abotaleb — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Reducing the energy demand of residential buildings is crucial for mitigating climate change, lowering energy costs, reducing health risks associated with fuel poverty, and improving the overall residential environment. Given the global significance of these challenges, this research aims to explore the impact of energy-saving measures in residential buildings, focusing on façade renovation systems in Tirana, Albania. The methodology employed in this research work involved a comprehensive approach combining field assessments, energy performance analysis of completed projects, and case studies of residential buildings in Tirana. The research specifically focused on the implementation of façade renovation systems and evaluated their impact on reducing energy consumption. The results demonstrate significant improvements in energy performance following the renovation of building façades. Enhanced insulation, upgraded materials, and the addition of energy-efficient windows led to reduced heating and cooling demands, contributing to a more stable indoor climate and lower energy consumption. The energy simulations confirmed that facade renovations resulted in a notable reduction in overall energy use, particularly during the colder months. The findings suggest that facade renovation systems are an effective strategy for reducing the energy demand of residential buildings in Tirana. These improvements not only help to mitigate the effects of climate change by lowering carbon emissions but also offer a cost-effective solution for improving the quality of life for residents. This study offers a novel contribution by focusing specifically on the impact of facade renovation systems in the context of residential buildings an area with limited previous research on energy efficiency improvements.

UTILIZING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE CARBON EMISSION REDUCTION AND SUSTAINABILITY

Eda Tabaku, Eli Vyshka, Rinela Kapçiu, Alban Shehi, Ensi Smajli — Tue, 18 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article examines the revolutionary potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving energy management systems (EMS) to reduce carbon emissions and tackle pressing climate change issues. We conduct a comprehensive literature analysis to analyze AI-driven solutions for optimizing energy usage, minimizing carbon footprints, and promoting sustainability across diverse industries. Conventional EMS methodologies often depend on static and reactive strategies, limiting their efficacy in the face of increasing global energy needs and regulatory requirements. Conversely, AI-driven EMS provides sophisticated data analytics, predictive maintenance, and real-time optimization, markedly enhancing efficiency and emissions control. Our research includes case studies from both industrial and public sectors that illustrate the quantifiable effects of AI-integrated Energy Management Systems in reducing operating expenses, improving renewable energy integration, and fostering better energy practices. Significant hurdles, such as elevated implementation costs, data privacy issues, and regulatory compliance, are examined with prospective legislative frameworks to promote AI use. We underscore the significance of AI in delivering actionable insights, harmonizing energy practices with climate policy, and promoting a sustainable energy future. This study concludes that AI-driven Energy Management Systems are essential for significant emissions reductions and the development of resilient, eco-efficient energy systems, highlighting the necessity for strategic investment and supportive policies to optimize AI technology's societal and environmental advantages in energy management.

THE INFLUENCE OF SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE, ACTIVE LEARNING, AND FRIENDLY CHARACTER ON SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Thu, 13 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research investigates the combined influence of scientific attitude, active learning, and friendly character on the science learning outcomes of junior high school students in Kota Jambi. It explores how these factors contribute to student's academic performance and social development in science education. A mixed-methods approach was used, integrating quantitative data from questionnaires with qualitative insights from interviews. The sample consisted of junior high school students in Kota Jambi. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression tests with SPSS to examine the relationship between the variables. The results indicate that scientific attitude, active learning, and friendly character significantly and positively affect students' science learning outcomes. Active learning enhanced students’ engagement and critical thinking skills, while a strong scientific attitude improved their curiosity and problem-solving abilities. Students with well-developed, friendly character traits also demonstrated better social interactions, leading to more effective collaboration in group-based learning activities. Despite these positive outcomes, the study highlights the challenge of translating scientific concepts into real-world applications, which requires greater emphasis on contextual learning and motivation. This study offers a fresh perspective by integrating social-emotional traits such as friendly character into analyzing science learning outcomes, an area often overlooked in previous research. It provides actionable insights into how fostering active learning and positive social interactions can create a more engaging and effective science learning environment.

THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG ACADEMICIAN IN CHINESE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES

Fang ZhengKang, Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob, Sock Beei Yeap — Thu, 13 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates the mediating role of organizational learning (OL) in the relationship between leadership communication (LC), knowledge management (KM), and organizational commitment (OC) among academic staff in Chinese higher education institutions. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 402 academic staff and analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The model tested the direct effects of LC and KM on OL and their subsequent impact on OC. The results reveal that LC significantly influences OL (B = 0.615, p < 0.001), while KM also has a positive and significant effect on OL (B = 0.203, p < 0.001). OL, in turn, plays a crucial role in enhancing OC (B = 0.754, p < 0.001). Importantly, OL mediates the relationship between LC and OC (B = 0.464, p < 0.001) and between KM and OC (B = 0.153, p < 0.001). The model demonstrated high explanatory power, with OL accounting for 70.2% of its variance (R² = 0.702) and OC explaining 58.5% (R² = 0.585). This research uniquely integrates OL as a mediator in the triadic relationship between LC, KM, and OC, offering new insights into how organizational learning strengthens organizational commitment. It enriches the underexplored context of Chinese higher education and provides practical recommendations for academic leaders and policymakers. By fostering a learning-centric environment, institutions can enhance knowledge-sharing practices, improve communication strategies, and build long-term organizational loyalty among academic staff.

SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION TRANSFORMATION: IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF PRINCIPALS, ADMINISTRATORS, AND SCIENCE TEACHERS WITH A MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIMA) MODEL

Satri Dwi Kurnia Nasution, Neti Karnati, Rugaiyah Rugaiyah — Thu, 13 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to develop and evaluate a digital-based archive management model for a quality assurance system in elementary schools, addressing the inefficiency of traditional archiving practices and the absence of digital archive management. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Successive Approximation Model (SAM) and a mixed-methods strategy. The population consists of science teachers in Bekasi Regency, with data collection conducted through pre-tests and post-tests. The SIMA application was validated by three experts, followed by small-group trials with 40 teachers and large-group trials with 750 respondents. The effectiveness of the SIMA application was tested using significance testing with a paired-sample t-test. The results reveal that (1) expert validation categorized the digital-based archive management application as "Feasible" for testing; (2) small group trials yielded "Effective" results, with minor revisions; (3) large group trials confirmed the application as "Appropriate" for broader implementation; and (4) the effectiveness test showed a significant difference in respondents' understanding of archive management between pre-test and post-test scores (p = 0.001 < 0.05), indicating the application’s impact. The Archive Management Information System (SIMA) introduces a breakthrough in digital archive management at the elementary school level, offering significant efficiency, accuracy, and user satisfaction advantages. The SIMA application modernizes administrative processes and enhances the quality assurance system in schools. This research provides a practical, scalable solution for improving archiving practices in educational institutions.

INTEGRATING SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXTS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIC ADAPTATIONS

Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The relevance of this study lies in its exploration of effective learning strategies across diverse sociocultural contexts, thereby underscoring the necessity to adapt educational practices in order to meet the requirements of culturally and socially varied student populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sociocultural factors on education in Kosovo and Kyrgyzstan, with a view to identifying effective adaptations of educational strategies within these unique cultural and historical settings. The applied research methods included a comparative analysis of the educational systems in Kosovo and Kyrgyzstan, and an interdisciplinary approach to examine the manner in which historical, cultural, and social factors are integrated into teaching methodologies. The results indicated that sociocultural contexts exert a significant influence on educational outcomes, thereby underscoring the necessity for tailored teaching strategies that take into account students' cultural backgrounds, social status, and ethical values. The study concluded that the successful adaptation of educational strategies requires comprehensive training for teachers, the incorporation of ethical considerations, and the development of culturally competent teaching materials. The present study offers profound insights into contemporary challenges, including technological integration and the need for diverse approaches. This study does a comparative examination of the sociocultural effects on education in Kosovo and Kyrgyzstan, providing insights into the influence of historical legacies and cultural variety on contemporary educational issues in both multicultural contexts. The findings provide recommendations for establishing inclusive educational environments, enhancing cultural competency among instructors, and utilising technology to meet the varied needs of students.

DIAGNOSING STUDENTS' MISCONCEPTIONS OF DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS USING A FIVE-TIER ISOMORPHIC INSTRUMENT

Elza Triani, Maison Maison, Nazarudin Nazarudin — Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to diagnose students' conceptions and identify their sources related to direct current electrical circuits using a five-tier isomorphic diagnostic instrument. A quantitative method with a research and development design was used involving 108 grade XII students from State Senior High School 1 Jambi City. Data was collected through an isomorphic test of 9 questions, interviews, and documentation. Validity and reliability analysis using SPSS showed that the instrument was reliable (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.911). The implementation of this research instrument showed that the average percentage of students' correct answers (at Tier 1-4) was only 19.9%, indicating a low understanding of the concept. Then, this study also identified students' misconceptions, which included eight main types of misconceptions with an average overall percentage (at Tier 1-4) of 13.6%, which was also categorized as low. Personal thinking was identified as the primary source of misconceptions, providing important insights for designing physics learning interventions. This study's novelty lies in applying a five-tier diagnostic instrument to identify misconceptions and their sources, finding that students' thinking was the primary source. The results of this study provide important implications for physics education, including targeted intervention strategies and increased conceptual clarity, which ultimately support the teaching and learning of basic physics concepts.

THE PLACE OF SOCIAL AND MORAL VALUES IN THE HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Viorelia Lungu, Liliana Cretu, Tamarea Munteanu, Larisa Sadovei — Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study examines how social and moral principles are included into the Republic of Moldova’s high school curriculum and offers methods for doing so successfully. The study finds the global trend of emphasizing character education to promote proactive citizenship through secondary analysis of previous studies. The Education Code of Moldova delineates social and moral norms that correspond with Western educational frameworks, such those in the United States, Germany, and the Netherlands, which serve as standards for Moldova’s educational system. However, there are also obstacles in the way of properly putting these ideals into practice, such as a lack of pedagogical topic understanding and parental and school administrator support for teachers to act as role models. The study offers a number of solutions to these obstacles, such as small group exercises, class discussions, and problem-centered learning. Furthermore, their inclusion in the curriculum can be strengthened by incorporating moral and social ideals into certain courses like drama, social studies, and music. The study comes to the conclusion that although incorporating moral and social values into Moldova’s educational system is important, specific tactics and increased assistance for teachers are required to get past current barriers and guarantee that the values are successfully taught to pupils.

USING THE MOORE'S THEORY TO EXPLAIN PRESERVICE TEACHERS’ DIFFICULTIES IN PROVING OF THE TRIANGLE SUM THEOREM

Sugi Hartono, Tatag Yuli Eko Siswono, Rooselyna Ekawati, Ebenezer Bonyah — Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze the difficulties of preservice teachers’ in proving the triangle sum theorem. The method of this study is used a qualitative method with 58 of preservice mathematics teacher studying for a Bachelor of Education degree in Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia. The authors analysed the written responses to a 1 item worksheet and also conducted interviews with seven of the participants. The analysis of the data was guided by Moore’s theory which was used to identify difficulties of preservice teachers’ in proving of the triangle sum theorem. The results showed that still many of preservice teachers still difficulties in proving of the triangle sum theorem. There were 38% of preservice teachers who answered correctly and 62% of preservice teachers answered incorrectly in compiling proof. It was found that several preservice teachers had difficulties in compiling proofs, namely 30 preservice teachers had difficulty understanding the concept, 2 preservice teacher's did not understand the language and mathematical notation and 4 preservice teacher's had difficulty starting the proof. The novelty of this research is introducing a new theoretical analysis related to the difficulty in proving the fundamental theorem of geometry, namely Moore's theory. This study recommends that preservice teacher’s should be given solution through scaffolding to help preservice teacher's understand the concept of proof so that students can compiling proofs with correct.

ENHANCING STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING IN NUMERACY PROBLEM-SOLVING THROUGH A FIELD-INDEPENDENT LEARNING STYLE AND HIGH SELF EFFICACY

Via Yustitia, Varissa Sarahma Murti, Dian Kusmaharti, Luluk Faridah — Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The urgency of addressing the lack of critical thinking skills among class V-B students at elementary school Ketintang 1 Surabaya is paramount. This study aims to elucidate the critical thinking abilities of students who exhibit a field-dependent cognitive style and high self-efficacy. The study employed a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Data collection involved the use of the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), self-efficacy questionnaires, and critical thinking assessments in mathematics, specifically on topics related to cubes and rectangular prisms. Data analysis comprised data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on GEFT and self-efficacy questionnaire results, one class V-B student with a field-dependent cognitive style and high self-efficacy was selected for further critical thinking skills assessment. Based on the results of the critical thinking skills test, the student with a field-dependent cognitive style and high self-efficacy demonstrated notable strengths. In the process of basic clarification, the student met the indicators for analyzing arguments and formulating statements, effectively presenting their arguments. When providing reasons for decisions, the student showed the ability to consider the credibility of sources by selecting appropriate problem-solving strategies. However, she occasionally made calculation errors due to inaccuracy. In the process of concluding, the student met the indicators for making and evaluating decisions, successfully composing conclusion sentences that aligned with the problems and final answers.

HOW IS THE DYNAMIC THINKING PROCESS OF PROFICIENT’ STUDENTS IN SOLVING TRANSFORMATION GEOMETRY PROBLEMS?

Megita Dwi Pamungkas, Stevanus Budi Waluya, Scolastika Mariani, Isnarto Isnarto — Tue, 18 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Dynamic thinking is a crucial cognitive skill that enables students to solve complex problems in geometry effectively. This study investigates the characteristics of dynamic thinking among prospective mathematics teachers, focusing on the four key aspects: technique, conceptualization, monitoring, and perception. While previous research has identified these aspects, the specific problem-solving characteristics of dynamic thinking in mathematical contexts remain unexplored. This qualitative study was conducted at Tidar University, involving 54 prospective mathematics teachers identified as dynamic thinkers. Data were collected through a two-stage problem-solving test, structured observations, and in-depth interviews. The research instruments underwent a validation process to ensure reliability. Data analysis followed a systematic approach involving reduction, presentation, and verification to extract patterns of dynamic thinking among proficient problem solvers. The results indicate that students who exhibit proficient dynamic thinking demonstrate completeness and consistency in all four aspects. They effectively integrate multiple strategies, adapt their approaches in response to challenges, and maintain a reflective understanding of their problem-solving processes. Additionally, proficient dynamic thinkers show a higher degree of flexibility and spatial reasoning in geometry problems. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by identifying and describing the specific characteristics of dynamic thinking in mathematical problem-solving. The findings provide valuable insights for teacher education programs, emphasizing the need to cultivate dynamic thinking skills among prospective math educators. Future research can explore dynamic thinking across different mathematical domains and cognitive frameworks.

MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze existing optimization algorithms for Machine Learning (ML) models and develop new approaches aimed at improving their performance and efficiency. The study compared traditional and novel machine learning optimization techniques to evaluate their impact on model performance. The main results include a detailed overview of the main optimization methods in ML, including gradient descent, stochastic gradient descent, metaheuristic-based methods, and non-zero methods. Specific cases of using optimization algorithms in ML tasks, such as image processing, machine translation, and speech recognition were presented. A table comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the methods by key performance metrics is provided. The structural diagrams and principles of operation of each method are presented. In addition, the methods of integrating the developed approaches into existing ML platforms are investigated. The study's results demonstrate that integrating novel optimization techniques significantly enhances machine learning model performance. These methods offer a substantial improvement over traditional techniques like gradient descent, providing greater flexibility and efficiency in handling complex and evolving data. The findings suggest that combining these approaches with existing optimization strategies can lead to more robust and scalable machine learning systems across diverse industries. The findings suggest that combining these methods with traditional approaches can enhance machine learning performance and guide future AI developments. The novelty of the research is in the introduction of the novel techniques like adaptive model selection and dynamic parameter adaptation to improve machine learning efficiency in real-time data environments.

PROVISION OF STIMULANTS MADE OF PEG 6000 AND OLEOCHEMICALS IN INCREASING THE PRODUCTION OF RUBBER PLANTATIONS

Murni Sari Rahayu, Syamfitri Syamfitri, Surya Dharma, Darius El Pebrian — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia's rubber plants nationally is still relatively low compared to other natural rubber-producing countries, which is 858 kg/ha/year. The lack of precision of the inefficient exploitation and tapping system implemented by rubber farmers, both community plantations, government and private, is one of the causes of low rubber production in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the influence of the production and physiology of latex in the PB 260 clone community rubber plant after being given a stimulant made of PEG 6000 and oleochemicals. The research was carried out in a community rubber plantation, located in Galang District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The altitude of the place is 25 m above sea level with the Ultisol soil type. The research began in July 2022 to November 2022. The plant material used in the field is a 20-year-old PB260 clone rubber plant. Research observations include plant production in the field on smallholder rubber plantations, as well as latex physiological analysis conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of North Sumatra and the Sungei Putih Research Institute, Field experiments used a three-replicate factorial group random design with PEG 6000 and Oleochemistry as treatments. The A1 treatment generally had the best effect on all the observational parameters of the study. The combination of PEG 6000 3% and Oleochemistry had an insignificant effect on latex production, rubber dryness, rubber physiology, and rubber histology. However, statistically the combination of P1A1 has a positive effect on rubber plants.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIOXIDANTS AS BROWNING INHIBITORS AGAINST SHOOT Cyrtostachys renda AS CALLUS CULTURE EXPLANT

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Cyrtostachys renda has various pharmacological activities. C. renda roots contain alkaloids and flavonoids as secondary metabolites' main components responsible for anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. To produce secondary metabolites from C. renda, tissue culture can be used through callus and cell suspension culture techniques. Browning is one of the main challenges in plant tissue culture, which inhibits the success of callus formation, especially in plants with a high content of phenolic compounds such as C. renda. This study tested the effect of soaking in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ascorbic acid (AA) in inhibiting the browning process in C. renda explants. Explant colour change testing was done in vitro by soaking the explants in five concentrations of PVP and AA (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm). Changes in explant colour were then analyzed using the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) colour chart. The results showed that the PVP antioxidant with a concentration of 200 ppm could suppress explant browning until the fourth day. In comparison, explants treated with AA antioxidants with a concentration of 200 ppm showed browning symptoms on the second day. It can be concluded that antioxidants can reduce the browning level in C. renda shoot explants, and the antioxidant PVP can reduce the browning level better than AA. The mechanism of PVP as an anti-browning agent through inhibition of phenolic oxidation. This study's novelty is obtaining the type of anti-browning PVP with an optimum concentration of 200 ppm to inhibit the browning of C. renda shoot explants.

DYNAMIC PROCESSES THROUGH THE MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND NUMERICAL EVALUATIONS

Shkelqim Hajrulla, Erind Bedalli, Robert Kosova, Mikaela Cela, Loubna Ali — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article deals with analytical and numerical methods, particularly focusing on their application in solving displacement problem using mathematical models. This is a study on the evaluation of material damping ratios obtained from experimental data and laboratory tests, an essential criterion to reproduce reality in virtual simulations done for our computational models. The methodology involves iteratively seeking optimal solutions through multiple simulations, providing a way to estimate dynamic responses accurately. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of numerical-stepping methods in tackling challenging problems in dynamic response analysis. It highlights the significance of numerical-stepping methods for handling non-linear systems and time-varying excitations in dynamic response analysis. This research addresses fundamental issues in the context of applied mechanics. In particular, the article is intended to provide a few computational algorithms where respective graphs are generated, depicting the relationship between time and displacement. Some highly efficient numerical procedures can be developed for linear systems by interpolating the excitation over each time interval and developing the exact solution using a variety of five methods. The numerical results obtained are compared with the theoretical solution. Our research manages to evaluate the depreciation of the material through the models reviewed in the article and gives the results according to the applied models by comparing the results and calculating the absolute error.

ISOLATION OF LIMONOIDS FROM CLAUSENA EXCAVATA BURM.F AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST Enterococcus faecalis

Harizon Harizon, Febbry Romundza — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to isolate and characterize limonoid compounds from Clausena excavata Burm.F and evaluate their antibacterial potential against Enterococcus faecalis, a pathogen associated with antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. Plant samples were collected from natural habitats in Southeast Asia and identified by botanists for authenticity. The leaves, stems, and fruits were dried, ground into fine powder, and subjected to ethanol/methanol maceration, followed by liquid-liquid fractionation. Column chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) were used for initial compound separation, while High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed for further purification. Structural characterization was conducted using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial activity of the isolated limonoids was tested against E. faecalis using the disk diffusion method, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) determined through broth microdilution assays. The results indicate that limonoid compounds from Clausena excavata exhibit moderate antibacterial activity, producing inhibition zones smaller than standard antibiotics but still demonstrating potential for bacterial growth suppression. This study highlights Clausena excavata as a promising natural source of antibacterial agents, contributing to alternative solutions against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The findings support further exploration of limonoids as lead compounds for novel antimicrobial drugs, promoting the use of natural products in combating antibiotic resistance and advancing phytopharmaceutical applications in healthcare.

ASSESSING BUILDING TYPES TO TRACE THE EVOLUTION OF URBAN FORM

Jonila Prifti — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Since Tirana became Albania’s capital, its urban transformation has reflected the ambitions and ideologies of successive governing regimes. This study examines the city’s architectural and morphological evolution, analyzing how political, social, and economic shifts have influenced its urban fabric from the 1920s to the present. The research employs a historical and morphological analysis of Tirana’s urban form, integrating insights from urban theorists such as Whitehand, Oliveira, and Dovey. It reconstructs the city’s development by categorizing architectural typologies across five key historical periods. Archival research, spatial mapping, and case study analysis of representative buildings and planning policies form the core of the study’s methodological approach. The study reveals that Tirana’s urban transformation is marked by phases of expansion, socialist central planning, and post-communist redevelopment. Each governing regime has imposed distinct planning strategies, ranging from rigid, state-controlled designs to contemporary neoliberal densification policies. Recent urban planning documents advocate for extensive demolition and reconstruction, often at the expense of traditional urban structures, raising concerns about heritage preservation and socio-spatial justice. This research provides a critical reassessment of Tirana’s urban development by integrating historical and contemporary urban planning perspectives. It highlights the city’s transition from a fragmented town to a contested urban landscape shaped by ideological shifts, offering new insights into how political narratives manifest in architectural and planning practices. The study underscores the need for a balanced approach that preserves historical identity while accommodating future urban growth.

WEBGIS-BASED TOURISM POTENTIAL MAPPING USING QUANTUM GIS (QGIS)

Natasya Maymuna, Rahning Utomowati, Rita Noviani, Hairul Nizam bin Ismail — Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Currently, technology plays an important role in the digital information era. Digital mapping based on WebGIS is one form of Geographic Information System technological output that can impact the development of the tourism sector. The limitation of information sources on tourist attractions is one of the obstacles to tourism development in Indonesia. Therefore, the presence of WebGIS-based tourist attraction mapping can increase the availability of digital information that can impact increasing tourist visits. This research aims to analyze the potential of tourist attractions, perform WebGIS-based mapping of tourist attractions, and analyze the strategies for developing the potential of tourist attractions in Dukuh Village. This research is conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a geographical spatial approach. The sampling techniques used are saturated sampling to determine tourist attraction samples, purposive sampling to select informants, and accidental sampling to determine tourist samples. The analysis techniques in this study include scoring analysis and Geographic Information System. The research results indicate that there are 16 tourist attractions, consisting of 8 very potential, 6 quite potential, and 2 less potential. Based on these results, WebGIS-based mapping of tourist attractions was performed and tested by 3 media experts. The testing results show that WebGIS media has a good level of effectiveness to be used as one of the media for information and promotion of tourist attractions in Dukuh Village. To support the development of tourist attractions, strategies for developing tourist attractions were formulated and categorized into growth, diversification, and conservative strategies.

ENHANCING LEARNING EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH ADAPTIVE LEARNING PLATFORMS AND EMERGING COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

Sun, 16 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The integration of adaptive learning platforms and emerging computer technologies has transformed education by personalizing learning experiences and increasing accessibility. However, challenges such as uneven access, inadequate teacher training, and technical limitations hinder their full potential. This study examines the impact of major educational platforms (Coursera, Khan Academy, edX) and adaptive technologies on the learning process, aiming to assess their effectiveness in diverse educational contexts. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative content analysis of educational platforms such as Coursera, Khan Academy, and edX with quantitative assessment of their features, engagement levels, and effectiveness. The study analyzed data from educational institutions in Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, and Azerbaijan, focusing on the role of analytics, interactive elements, and gamification in enhancing learning outcomes. Findings indicate that adaptive platforms enhance accessibility and flexibility in learning while offering real-time analytics for personalized feedback. Virtual labs, such as those utilizing the Quanser QNET DC Motor Control Board, demonstrated the feasibility of remote practical training. However, successful implementation depends on comprehensive planning, infrastructure readiness, and continuous professional development for educators. The study contributes to understanding the role of adaptive learning in addressing educational disparities. It highlights the necessity of institutional support and teacher training for the effective use of these technologies. Novel insights include the potential of integrating AI-driven analytics to optimize personalized learning experiences. Future research should explore long-term impacts on student engagement and academic performance, particularly in under-resourced educational settings.

EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODS USING MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Tue, 18 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The aim of the study was to identify the effectiveness of innovative teaching methods using modern information technologies (IT) in four leading universities of Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine. The study was conducted on the basis of a SWOT analysis for each university. The selection of universities ensured comprehensive coverage of different types of educational institutions, from public to private. The data collected included a comparative analysis of the selected universities, as well as an assessment of the available digital platforms and technical support. The main results of the study were aimed at identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with the introduction of modern IT in the educational process. This allowed understanding which technologies and methods were most effective in improving the quality of education. A comparative analysis of universities helped identify general trends and specific challenges for each institution. In particular, Ukraine’s educational system is characterized by a developed network of higher education institutions, the implementation of the Bologna system, and the active use of IT in education. It is determined that the educational system in Kyrgyzstan is developing, in particular in terms of the introduction of modern technologies, both in public and private universities. The study formulates recommendations for improving the use of modern IT in teaching, in particular, for teacher training and attracting additional resources. The results of the study can be used for further development of the country’s educational system, with a focus on innovative approaches in selected universities in Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine.

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS FOR SUKU ANAK DALAM: INTEGRATING LOCAL WISDOM AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The issue of poverty and food and nutritional vulnerability in the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community in Bukit Duabelas National Park requires special attention. This study will integrate various assets owned by indigenous communities, including local wisdom and social capital, with opportunities to develop the potential of natural resources in TNBD to support the achievement of SDGs. This research aims to describe the picture of SAD livelihoods and their changes and design a design or pattern for sustainable SAD livelihood development. The research uses a constructivist paradigm with a case study approach. Data analysis uses the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework to identify and evaluate SAD individuals or communities' assets, capacities, and strategies for maintaining sustainable livelihoods. The results of this research show that, SAD communities in TNBD still depend on extractive agriculture, such as hunting and gathering, but are starting to switch to plantation cultivation, such as oil palm and rubber. Professions outside the agricultural sector are limited, and their access to formal employment is hampered by limited education and skills. SAD has a variety of assets, including human, natural, social, financial, and physical capital. Social and natural capital are their main assets. Despite limited education, their natural resources are sufficient to support life. To increase SAD's livelihood sources, interventions such as utilizing mapped site space, piloting productive site projects, strengthening cooperation between government, NGOs and the private sector, and community-based sustainable forest management are needed.

WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCE THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES)? A GENDER-BASED APPROACH

Rita Yuni Mulyanti, Lela Nurlaela Wati, Suhana Suhana — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are crucial to a nation's economy, especially in developing countries; nevertheless, their involvement in international trade, particularly exports, is minimal, with SMEs representing merely 15% of Indonesia's total non-oil and gas exports in 2024. Women manage Indonesian SMEs more than men, yet they encounter difficulties doing foreign activities. This study aims to analyze the elements influencing the internationalization of SMEs and gender-specific roles. The research sample consisted of 190 SMEs, with 137 operated by women and 53 by males. The data analysis employs moderating regression analysis (MRA) with Smart PLS. The study's findings reveal that the critical determinants for the internationalization of SMEs in Indonesia encompass entrepreneurial characteristics (age and experience), SME characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, and environmental factors. A significant disparity exists between male-managed and female-managed SMEs concerning their characteristics, environmental factors, and regulatory structures. Female SMEs exhibit enhanced agility and compliance with regulations. The characteristics of SMEs and the environmental factors have a more significant impact on the internationalization of male SMEs than female SMEs. This study's novelty is in the elements that facilitate successful internationalization and the contribution of women-led SMEs to enhancing internationalization efforts. Although the study's sample included Indonesian SMEs, the findings may yield more significant implications for the success factors of SME internationalization worldwide concerning gender diversity. This study offers insights for policymakers to enhance SME internationalization by incorporating SMEs into extensive industrial ecosystems and fostering a collaborative environment among industry stakeholders and SMEs within the export product supply chain.

EVOLVING TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH WITHIN TOURISM: INSIGHTS FROM A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a strategic approach to managing people effectively in tourism companies, providing a competitive edge. This study aims to reveal research trends from 2020 to 2022 through a bibliometric and content analysis of HRM-related articles in the tourism industry. A total of 1,086 Scopus-indexed articles were analyzed using R Studio with the bibliometric package. Key metrics such as countries, authors, and institutions contributing to HRM research were examined. The findings show that the United States and China were the most productive countries in article output, with Wang and Zhang identified as the most prolific authors and Netreported as the leading institution. Emerging themes and keywords were also identified, indicating significant areas of focus in HRM research. The results highlight that HRM remains a trending topic in the tourism sector, driven by its role in enhancing organizational performance. This study is one of the few to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of HRM in tourism, offering insights into global research productivity and trends over three years. The findings have practical implications for both academia and industry, suggesting that future research should focus on specific HRM practices that can further improve competitiveness in the tourism sector. These insights can guide tourism companies in refining HRM strategies to enhance performance and adaptability.

THE INFLUENCE OF SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT POLICY IN THE NATIONAL STRATEGIC TOURISM AREA OF YOGYAKARTA

Muhamad Muhamad, Ahmad AB, Hamam Supriyadi — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Effective policymaking in tourism should reflect on-the-ground realities. This study examines the impact of sustainable ecotourism infrastructure on local government policies in Yogyakarta, assessing whether existing policies align with empirical field evidence. Additionally, it introduces a structured methodology for evaluating sustainability in tourism development. This study employs a mixed-method approach, combining Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for quantitative analysis with qualitative descriptive analysis. A purposive sampling method was used to select 100 respondents, including academicians, destination managers, local government officials, and tourism industry specialists. The analysis covers the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing to explore the relationship between sustainable infrastructure indicators and policy development. Findings reveal a significant relationship between sustainable tourism infrastructure and government policies, particularly in environmental sensitivity and waste management. However, water resource management has a minimal impact on policy decisions. This suggests that while sustainability concerns shape policymaking, some infrastructure aspects remain underprioritized. This study contributes to sustainable tourism research by introducing a 12-indicator ecological infrastructure assessment aligned with Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) standards. It also validates the Penta Helix model’s effectiveness in integrating multiple stakeholders into policy development. The study highlights the need for improved water management strategies, better environmental monitoring, and stronger policy frameworks. Future research should expand geographic scope and stakeholder representation to enhance policy recommendations for sustainable tourism governance.

DIGITAL LITERACY MODEL TO IMPROVE THE MARKETING SKILLS OF MSME WOMEN WITH A COMMUNITY-BASED EDUCATIONAL APPROACH

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study uses a community-based approach to develop an educational model for digital literacy among MSME women. Employing a qualitative case study method with 15 informants from the Indonesian Muslim Entrepreneurs Association Palembang MSME Community, data was obtained through interviews and analyzed thematically. The findings, indicating that most female members have at least a high school education and less than five years of business experience, highlight challenges in digital literacy and marketing skills. These challenges, including difficulties in technology adoption and security concerns, underscore the necessity for initiatives to enhance digital literacy and marketing skills. A community-centric model is proposed, encompassing Digital Literacy Workshops, Mentor-Mentee Programs, Sharing Sessions, Best Practices, and Specific Skills Training, with interview conclusions serving as a basis for model design to elevate Marketing Skills effectively

DO EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECT THE LEVEL OF TOURIST VISITS

Wafiyulloh Mubarrok, Diah Setyawati Dewanti, Fitra Prasapawidya Purna — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates the influence of external factors on tourist visits to ASEAN-6 countries (Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, and the Philippines), renowned for their global appeal as tourist destinations. Employing a fixed effect panel data regression model, the research utilizes annual World Bank data from 2004 to 2020 to analyze the effects of political stability, inflation, airport availability, traffic accident rates, and currency exchange rates on tourist arrivals. The results reveal that political stability significantly increases tourist visits, as it enhances perceptions of safety and reliability. Inflation, conversely, negatively impacts tourism by reducing affordability. Surprisingly, airport availability has a negative effect, possibly due to stringent inspections that may discourage travelers. Traffic accident rates show a positive correlation, likely reflecting increased tourist activity in well-connected urban areas. Meanwhile, currency exchange rates exhibit no significant influence. The findings underscore the importance of addressing these external factors to improve the tourism sector in ASEAN-6 countries. Governments are encouraged to enhance regional cooperation, develop cross-border travel packages, and invest in public facilities to create a more tourist-friendly environment. However, the study acknowledges its limitations, such as excluding variables related to pandemics and environmental concerns, which are increasingly relevant in the tourism industry. Future research should incorporate these aspects to provide more comprehensive policy recommendations and support sustainable tourism growth.

ADDRESSING HYPERTENSION IS CRUCIAL TO MITIGATING COGNITIVE DECLINE AND IMPROVING PATIENTS' QUALITY OF LIFE

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Hypertension, a condition characterized by persistent elevated blood pressure, often places individuals at risk of developing complications that can adversely impact their quality of life. One notable complication associated with hypertension is cognitive dysfunction. A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (2020) demonstrated that individuals with long-standing hypertension exhibited an elevated risk of developing cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Preliminary research suggests that approximately 12.5 percent of hypertensive deaths may be attributable to underlying factors. Aims: This study aims to examine the cognitive deficits in patients with hypertension and summarise research on the relationship between hypertension and cognitive impairment. This analytical research study with a cross-sectional design, total sample of 84 individuals who suffer from hypertension, the ages of 60 and 79 years old. The sample selected using purposive sampling, instruments used in this study were medical record and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. The data was analyzed univariate and bivariate with the Chi Square statistical test. The MMSE cognitive function test revealed that out of 84 individuals with hypertension, 67.85% had normal cognitive function, while 32.14%) moderate cognitive impairment. The sample for the research consisted of 40 male individuals (47.61%) and 44 female individuals (52.38%). Hypertension can affect a person's cognitive function which has an impact on quality of life.

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND MENTAL HEALTH: UNVEILING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF MODERN DIGITAL HABITS

Liana Spytska — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The rapid proliferation of digital technologies has significantly transformed modern life, raising concerns about their impact on mental health. This study aimed to identify the effects of digital technologies on the mental health of Ukrainians, focusing on cognitive functions, anxiety, depressive symptoms, physical activity. The study included surveys to identify the level of depressive symptoms, and personal and reactive anxiety that can result from excessive digital device use, alongside experiments to assess the impact of information overload and cyberbullying on mental health. Prolonged continuous use of digital devices negatively affected cognitive functions, including memory, attention, reaction time. Active digital device use before bedtime disrupted sleep phases. Excessive use also significantly reduced physical activity, particularly among older age groups, leading to prolonged sedentary behaviour. Young people showed better communication quality and group task performance in virtual interactions compared to older respondents. Personal anxiety levels remained stable across all age groups, despite information overload and cyberbullying. However, the highest levels of depressive symptoms were observed among middle-aged respondents, with younger and older groups displaying milder symptoms. The findings demonstrate the multifaceted negative effects of excessive digital technology use on mental health, including cognitive decline, disrupted sleep, reduced physical activity. Novel insights include stable anxiety levels irrespective of external stressors and varying depressive symptoms across age groups. These results highlight the urgent need for interventions to promote balanced digital technology use and tailored mental health strategies, particularly for middle-aged populations and older adults prone to sedentary behaviour.

NURSING STUDENT'S PERCEPTION OF WORK-BASED LEARNING PROGRAMS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Titik Hindriati, Asrial Asrial, Muhammad Rusdi, Herlambang Herlambang — Tue, 18 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Work-based learning (WBL) is a critical approach in nursing education that emphasizes experiential learning. However, qualitative studies frequently report challenges nursing students face in WBL settings. This study aims to systematically analyze qualitative evidence on nursing students’ experiences in work-based learning within healthcare organizations, highlighting key challenges and areas for improvement. A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed using Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and JSTOR databases. Quality appraisal was conducted using the JBI-QARI framework. The initial search yielded 311 studies, seven of which were deemed eligible based on inclusion criteria that focused on qualitative English-language studies involving nursing students. The review identified three major challenges in WBL: (1) time constraints limiting learning opportunities, (2) workplace environmental factors such as lack of mentorship and high-pressure conditions, and (3) unclear benefits perceived by students in WBL programs. These factors contribute to varying levels of engagement and satisfaction among nursing students. This study is the first systematic review to evaluate nursing students’ perceptions of WBL, offering a comprehensive analysis of recurring issues. The findings provide valuable insights for educational institutions and healthcare organizations to enhance WBL effectiveness through structured mentorship, improved scheduling, and targeted support strategies, ultimately bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical experience in nursing education.

INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE CONDITION OF ADOLESCENT DENTAL HARD TISSUES: CLINICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSES

Wed, 19 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The aim of the work was to investigate the peculiarities of the influence of environmental factors on the state of the dento-mandibular system in 15-year-old adolescents. Patients were examined in a dental chair using standard sets of examination instruments: mirror, forceps, and probe. Visual assessment of the state of oral organs and tissues was carried out using standardized indices. In male subjects, the index value of the calculated microbiological activity index living in Aidarken, Sumsar and Shakaftar were significantly worse compared to controls. The concentration of different minerals in saliva in this group was 1.5E-07±2E-08, which is an essential indicator to assess the mineral balance and remineralization potential of tooth enamel. The value of the lesion index ratio in this group was 4.211±0.397, which is a statistically significant deviation (p<0.005). This increase can be explained by the chemical influence on the population due to the activity of plastic factories, which negatively affects the oral health of adolescents and increases the risk of caries development. This result emphasizes the importance of considering environmental factors when assessing dental health in different regions. Importantly, significant differences were found between groups depending on the dominant unfavourable factor. This means that different environmental and chemical factors may have different effects on the caries-forming activity of dental plaque, which requires an individualized approach to caries prevention and treatment in different settings.