Kajian Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon Bawah Permukaan Pada Lahan Bekas Terbakar Di Areal Hutan Lindung Gambut Londerang Kabupaten Tanjab Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v2i2.8740Abstract
Lahan gambut mencakup 3% dari daratan bumi dan menyimpan sebagian besar
sumber daya karbon dunia yang kurang lebih setara dengan 1/3 dari karbon dalam tanah global. Selama kurun waktu 12 tahun terjadi penurunan kandungan karbon sebesar 438 juta ton di provinsi Jambi yang disebabkan oleh perubahan penggunaan lahan, pembukaan lahan, sisem drainase dan dan kebakaran lahan gambut. Adanya penurunan jumlah cadangan karbon tersebut mengindikasikan karbon yang semula berada pada lahan gambut telah teremisi ke atmosfer sehingga berdampak pada pemanasan global. Hutan Lindung Gambung (HLG) Londerang adalah salah satu ekosistem hutan gambut tropis yang masih tersisa di Sumatera bagian tengah dengan kondisi sangat kritis akibat peristiwa kebakaran hutan, dengan demikian fungsi ekologinya tidak lagi berjalan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi jumlah cadangan karbon bawah permukaan, mengetahui potensi emisi karbon serta memberikan arahan pengelolaan karbon di areal hutan lindung gambut Londerang, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Survei. Penentuan titik-titik pengamatan dibuat secara transek yaitu tegak lurus terhadap tanggul sungai dengan grid 500 x 1000 m sehingga diperoleh 38 titik pengamatan pada lokasi penelitian seluas 19.00 Ha. Jumlah total cadangan karbon bawah permukaan di areal penelitian seluas 19.00 Ha adalah 6.654.152,19 ton atau 3502 ton/Ha. Potensi emisi karbon yang dihasilkan akibat hilangnya gambut setebal 10 cm karena terbakar pada lahan penelitian seluas 1900 Ha adalah sebesar 12367,1 ton C atau 6,509 ton/Ha. Upaya-upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk menekan laju emisi karbon dan mempertahankan fungsi lahan gambut sebagai pengikat karbon dalam jumlah yang besar adalah dengan melakukan restorasi hidrologi dan revegetasi.
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