Lama Perendaman Benih Kopi Robusta (Coffea robusta L.) dalam Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) Terhadap Pematahan Dormansi

Authors

  • Hendra Gunawan Universitas Jambi
  • Ardiyaningsih Puji Lestari Universitas Jambi
  • Jasminarni Jasminarni Universitas Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v7i2.41327

Abstract

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang banyak diperdagangkan di dunia yang sebagian
besar dikelola oleh petani skala kecil. Indonesia termasuk negara penghasil kopi yang penting di Asia
selain India dan Philipina. Jenis kopi yang banyak dikenal di dunia adalah kopi Arabika, Robusta
dan Liberika. Kopi Robusta merupakan jenis yang lebih tahan terhadap penyakit karat daun yang
merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman kopi. Kopi Robusta lebih banyak diusahakan di Indonesia
dibandingkan jenis kopi lainnya.. Benih kopi ini membutuhkan waktu 5 - 8 minggu untuk
berkecambah dalam kondisi normal. Lamanya waktu perkecambahan dapat diatasi dengan metode
pemecahan dormansi benih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian
Universitas Jambi dari bulan Agustus sampai bulan Oktober 2020, dengan tujuan mempelajari
pengaruh lama perendaman dalam larutan asam sulfat (H2SO4) terhadap pematahan dormansi benih
Kopi Robusta (Coffea robusta L.) dan mendapatkan waktu lama perendaman yang mampu
menghasilkan pematahan dormansi yang cepat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah
Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan pemecahan dormansi benih, terdiri dari 6 taraf yaitu :
Perendaman menggunakan air selama 24 jam, larutan H2SO4 10% selama 10 menit, larutan H2SO4
10% selama 20 menit, larutan H2SO4 10% selama 30 menit, larutan H2SO4 10% selama 40 menit dan
larutan H2SO4 10% selama 50 menit. Peubah yang diamati adalah kadar air benih, daya tumbuh,
kecepatan berkecambah, keserempakan berkecambah, panjang kecambah, dan bobot kering
kecambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemecahan dormansi mampu mempercepat dan
meningkatkan perkecambahan kopi Robusta. Perlakuan lama perendaman dalam larutan H2SO4 10%
selama 10 menit merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam pemecahan dormansi benih kopi Robusta.

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Published

2025-01-22

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Agroecotania : Publikasi Nasional Ilmu Budidaya Pertanian

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Hendra Gunawan, Ardiyaningsih Puji Lestari, Jasminarni Jasminarni

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