Variabilitas Karakter Morfologi Pada Populasi Kelapa (Cocos nusifera L.) Di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v5i2.23035Keywords:
kelapa, variabilitas, morfologi, korelasiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang variabilitas karakter morfologi kelapa serta mendapatkan informasi tentang adanya korelasi antar karakter kuantitatif kelapa di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 8 kecamatan yang terdapat di kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat provinsi Jambi, yaitu: kecamatan Batang Asam, kecamatan Renah Mendaluh, kecamatan Pengabuan, kecamatan Senyerang, kecamatan Tungkal Ilir, kecamatan Bram Itam, kecamatan Betara, dan kecamatan Kuala Betara. Penelitian dimulai bulan Agustus sampai dengan bulan September 2020, menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Data diperoleh melalui survei dan wawancara terhadap petani pemilik tanaman kelapa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional stratified random sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel dengan memperhatikan strata atau tingkatan proporsi sampel yang diambil pada tanaman. Variabel yang diamati secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif yaitu warna buah, bentuk buah, bentuk cangkang, lingkar buah, panjang buah, jumlah buah per tandan, lingkar batang, berat buah, jumlah tandan buah, panjang tangkai tandan, panjang tangkai daun, dan panjang pelepah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kriteria sangat sempit, luas, dan sangat luas yang ditemukan pada karakter yang diukur secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Karakter dengan kriteria sangat sempit yaitu warna buah, lingkar buah, panjang buah, lingkar batang, panjang tangkai tandan, panjang tangkai daun dan panjang pelepah daun. Karakter dengan kriteria luas dan sangat luas yaitu berat buah, bentuk buah, bentuk cangkang, jumlah buah, dan jumlah tandan. Sedangkan hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi antar karakter komponen hasil yaitu a) karakter panjang buah berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar buah, b) jumlah buah berkorelasi negatif dengan lingkar buah dan panjang buah, c) berat buah berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar buah dan panjang buah namun berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah, d) jumlah tandan berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah, e) lingkar batang berkorelasi positif dengan panjang buah. Sedangkan korelasi yang bukan komponen hasil yaitu, f) panjang tangkai daun berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar batang, dan g) panjang pelepah daun berkorelasi positif dengan panjang tangkai daun.
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